The differences between Artificial Intelligence and Human Intelligence

According to definition, artificial intelligence (AI) is the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings. The term is frequently applied to the project of developing systems endowed with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason, discover meaning, generalize, or learn from past experience. For example, a simple computer program for solving mate-in-one chess problems might try moves at random until mate is found. The program might then store the solution with the position so that the next time the computer encountered the same position it would recall the solution.
What are the differences between Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Human Intelligence (HI)? The success of AI so far has only been in the simulation of intelligence; not the creation of true intelligence. And to that extent, AI is somewhat incorrect, since the people who are developing a true intelligent system are yet far from the real thing. The difference appears to arise because in AI there is only a simulating system, which seems to resemble some characteristics of intelligence.
The question is how to scientifically approach AI in order to be able to come very close to HI. For this, it is important to the human brain and how intelligence works in the brain. These show up as intellectual functions that have to be performed in order to complete a task.
Since any scientific thoughts must first be theorized, those attempting to mimic HI must first create a theory about the phenomena of the brain. This would certainly make the starting point adventitious. Intelligence is only a functional capability of the brain. What about other things like emotion, pain, dreams, extra sensory perception, which are also functional capabilities of the brain? To predict a function is to be able to produce the function by other mimicking it. The theory to explain how humans perform their tasks will be a system for performing a task intelligently. The phenomena are functional capabilities, from realizing to exploring knowledge. So, the system will predict that humans exhibit these phenomena by themselves exhibiting them. The development of artificial intelligence has begun to explore the wide nature of intelligence. However, a theory that only highlights functional capabilities of intelligence will not serve the purpose. It should also conform to human intelligence. Definitely not in ways that are far from human intelligence, yet call it intelligence.





Reference:
Link: http://www.origins.org/articles/mellichamp_artificialintelligence.html http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9009711/artificial-intelligence